This small but ecologically diverse country is home to over 700 recorded bird species, including some of the continent's most sought-after and rare birds.
From lush montane rainforests and tranquil wetlands to rolling savannahs and shimmering lakes, Rwanda's varied landscapes provide the perfect backdrop for birding adventures.
What sets Rwanda apart is its accessibility and safety. The compact size of the country allows travelers to explore multiple birding hotspots within a short time frame, while its excellent infrastructure and expert local guides ensure a seamless and enriching experience.
Whether you're a seasoned birder chasing rare species or a beginner eager to explore, Rwanda is a destination that promises unforgettable encounters with its vibrant avian life.
Here are Rwanda's top birdwatching sites, each offering a unique glimpse into the country's exceptional biodiversity.
1. Nyungwe National Park
Nestled in southwestern Rwanda, Nyungwe National Park is a tropical montane rainforest renowned for its incredible biodiversity. Home to over 300 bird species, it offers birders a chance to spot rare and endemic species.
The Red-collared Babbler is the park's crowning jewel. Other must-see species include the Rwenzori Turaco, Handsome Francolin, Grauer's Warbler, and the colorful Regal and Purple-breasted Sunbirds.
With well-maintained trails and expert guides, Nyungwe provides an enriching birding adventure. For the lucky few, rarities like the Congo Bay Owl and Shelley's Crimsonwing might make an appearance.
2. Akagera National Park
In the east, Akagera National Park blends savannah, wetlands, and woodland habitats, creating a vibrant ecosystem for over 400 bird species.
Known for its traditional "Big Five" safari experiences, Akagera also boasts a rich birdlife, with highlights including the range-restricted Red-faced Barbet and the majestic Shoebill.
A boat trip on Lake Ihema is a must for spotting waterbirds like the African Finfoot. Night drives add a layer of excitement, with the potential to see Verreaux's Eagle Owl and nightjars.
3. Volcanoes National Park
Volcanoes National Park, famed for its Mountain Gorillas, also hosts an impressive avian population, including 17 Albertine Rift Endemics.
For birders, the Scarlet-tufted Sunbird is a unique attraction, best spotted on a trek to Mount Bisoke's summit. Nearby lakes and Buhanga Eco-Park further enrich the birdwatching opportunities.
4. Gishwati-Mukura National Park
Rwanda's newest national park, Gishwati-Mukura, is a symbol of conservation and biodiversity.
Located in the mountains above Lake Kivu, it hosts over 230 bird species, including the Black-fronted Duiker.
The ongoing rehabilitation of this park promises even greater birdwatching potential in the years to come.
5. Lake Kivu
Lake Kivu's tranquil shores are a refreshing stop for birders. The lake supports large populations of White-breasted Cormorants and Pied Kingfishers, while hotel gardens in Karongi and Rubavu provide sightings of species like the Double-toothed Barbet and Yellow-bellied Waxbill. The Kinunu area is particularly rewarding for spotting common terrestrial birds.
6. Wetlands
Rwanda's wetlands cover 10% of the country, offering habitats for numerous bird species.
Key sites like Rugezi Marsh, Akanyaru, and Nyabarongo Wetlands are designated Important Bird Areas by BirdLife International.
In 2006, Rugezi Marsh was designated a Ramsar site, joining a global network of wetlands protected under the Ramsar Convention, signed in 1971 and enacted in 1975.
The marsh supports populations of Grauer's Swamp Warbler and Grey-crowned Cranes.
In the Bugesera District, wetlands and lakes offer accessible birding with sightings of Papyrus Gonolek, White-backed Duck, and Lesser Jacana.
7. Kigali: Urban birding at its best
Even Rwanda's bustling capital, Kigali, offers remarkable birding opportunities. Nyarutarama Lake, known locally as "Lover's Lake," and the recently inaugurated Nyandungu Ecopark are urban oases for birdwatchers.
Species like African Swamphen, Narina Trogon, and Bat Hawk are commonly spotted, making Kigali an excellent starting point for any birding itinerary.
For a close encounter with rescued Grey-crowned Cranes, Umusambi Village is a must-visit, offering a unique blend of conservation and education.
Whether you are an avid birder or a casual nature enthusiast, Rwanda offers an unforgettable journey into the world of avian beauty.
Théophile Niyitegeka
